Calcium score has been shown to convincingly predict future cardiovascular risk in the asymptomatic population.

Physical inactivity is a major modifiable contributor to the global burden of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality.

A combination of behavioural support along with pharmacotherapy to treat nicotine dependence maximises the chances of successful long-term cessation.

This issue focuses on risk factors for cardiovascular disease, with particular reference to smoking and lack of physical activity, as well as methods used to calculate cardiovascular disease risk.

Tobacco use remains a global health issue, and effective evidence-based smoking cessation programs continue to be a core component of the public health response to smoking.

More than 360 cardiovascular disease risk equations have been developed, many incorporating risk factors not included in the Framingham Risk Equation.

An absolute risk–based approach is superior to the traditional individual risk factor approach when calculating cardiovascular disease risk.

Although not all women undergoing mastectomy will desire or choose breast reconstruction, it is important that all women have the opportunity to make an informed choice.

Early identification of all skin cancers enables improved patient outcomes and results in a wider range of treatment options being available locally in general practice.

General practitioners can facilitate recovery-orientated, trauma-focused care, even when local services are limited.

General practitioners are in a prime position to screen and diagnose common comorbidities of psoriasis and have the experience and knowledge to manage them accordingly.

This article identifies two priorities for action for Australians living with osteoarthritis.

Many patients affected by the COVID-19-related temporary suspension of non-urgent elective surgery will present to their general practitioners for symptom management in the interim period.

This clinical challenge is based on this month’s Focus articles. To complete this activity, go to the RACGP website.

Readers express their opinions on published articles and topics of interest.