Urolithiasis, or urinary tract stones, is the aggregation of crystals in the urine, most commonly composed of calcium oxalate.1 Urinary tract stones are responsible for renal colic, which is the...

In Australia, general practitioners (GPs) are the most important sources of travel health advice for their patients,8 when pre-travel health advice is sought. The most recent Australian studies...

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a more accurate and inclusive term that describes the multiple changes occurring in the external genitalia, pelvic floor tissues, bladder and urethra...

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disease that has an estimated prevalence of 24% in men and 9% in women.1 OSA is a complex disease process that involves collapse of the upper airway...

Vertigo is a common, distressing presentation in general practice and constitutes approximately 54% of cases of dizziness.1 Classically, vertigo presents as a sensation of movement of the...

Epidemiology of neck painNeck pain accounts for 15% of soft tissue problems seen in general practice1 and imparts a significant socioeconomic burden of disease.2 More than 75% of the total cost of...

The prevalence of SLE can vary greatly depending on race, disease definition and method of validation, but is generally accepted as a rare disease, affecting less than 0.1% of the population.2–4 In...

Kawasaki disease mainly affects children aged 6 months to 4 years and has surpassed acute rheumatic fever as the most common cause of paediatric acquired heart disease in the industrialised world...

This article seeks to review the current trends in illicit drug overdose in Australia, and outline the recommended management strategies for acute poisoning. While the majority of acute poisoning...

It is important to have an estimate of a patient’s renal function before prescribing medicines that are renally excreted or that impair renal function or cause nephrotoxicity, such as non-steroidal...

A recent meta-analysis of 65 studies including almost 282 000 trauma patients, found that cervical spine injury occurs in 3.7% of patients overall, with 2.8% of alert patients and 7.7% of obtunded...

What is gastro-oesophageal reflux?Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is the passage of gastric contents into the oesophagus (with or without regurgitation and vomiting) lasting <3 minutes in the...

Neonatal skin is usually soft and smooth, covered with vernix caseosa, a derivative of sebaceous secretion and decomposing epidermal cells. Desquamation is usually delayed, occurring between 24...

Extensive lip ulcersThank you for the illustrated case of oral erythema multiforme by Kooi-Yau Chean1 (AFP July 2014). This dangerous drug reaction is an important consideration prior to the...

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is an increasingly common condition with increasing prevalence in the aging population. It has a significant mortality and is associated with a high incidence of...