Comorbidities, multimorbidity and frailty are increasingly becoming a major focus of care as a result of the ageing population of people with human immunodeficiency virus.

We describe the different performance- and image enhancing drugs (PIEDs) in Australia. This study examined the impact of harm reduction practice in the PIEDs UserS’ Health (PUSH!) Audit.

This article aims to support GPs in engaging with patients who use anabolic androgenic steroids and other PIEDs and outline practical harm-reduction strategies.